However, future research should integrate more large-scale and longer studies to be able to draw valid conclusions and to provide more knowledge about biofeedback technologies with regard to self-regulation. Discussion: The results suggest to conduct follow up studies into biofeedback as a reactivity effect that might limit the effectiveness of biofeedback related to self-regulation and psychological well-being could be ruled out for the current study. Being exposed to think about and reflect on one’s self-regulation and psychological well-being did not have a treatment-like effect on participants and, no higher change was detected in participants who adhered more strongly to the experiment. Results: No reactivity effect could be confirmed within this study, as no change in self-regulation nor psychological well-being was found. The RM was administered once during each of the 2 reactivity sessions. Furthermore, it was also examined whether participants who adhered more strongly to the experience sampling method achieved a higher change in self-regulation. Their pre-and- post-measurement scores in self-regulation and psychological well-being were compared to a control group, consisting of 9 participants, who only filled out the pre-post measurement. Methods: 36 participants were assigned to a 4-days experience sampling study that included responding to questions which measured their level of self-regulation and psychological well-being throughout the day. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether a so-called reactivity effect, meaning that participants are reactive towards being measured, could occur by measuring student´s self-regulation capacities and their psychological well-being within the approach of experience sampling without integrating a biofeedback device. However, only few studies have tested whether such an effect could also be caused by alternative explanations other than the biofeedback device itself. ![]() Reactivity testing on self-regulation and psychological well-being in the daily life of students : an experience sampling study.īackground: Nowadays, applying biofeedback technology has been found to be an effective candidate to reduce stress and increase mental well-being in people.
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